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One Times Square, also known as 1475 Broadway, the New York Times Building, the New York Times Tower, or simply as the Times Tower, is a 25 story, -high skyscraper, designed by Cyrus L. W. Eidlitz (HLW International), located at 42nd Street and Broadway in New York City. The tower was originally built to serve as the headquarters of the local newspaper, ''The New York Times'' (which also gave its name to the area as a whole, known as Times Square); however, the ''Times'' stayed in the building for less than 10 years before moving to a new building on 229 West 43rd Street. Despite the ''Times'' leaving the building, One Times Square remained a major focal point of Times Square due to its annual New Year's Eve "ball drop" festivities (the ball itself has remained atop the tower year-round since 2009), and the introduction of an electronic news ticker at street-level in 1928. Following its sale to Lehman Brothers in 1995, One Times Square was re-purposed as an advertising location to take advantage of its prime location within the square. Most of the building's interior remains vacant (aside from its only major tenant, a Walgreens pharmacy which occupies its lower levels), while its exterior features a large number of traditional and electronic billboards. Due to the large amount of revenue that its ads pull, One Times Square is considered one of the most valuable advertising locations in the world. ==Building history== The building, on the site of the Pabst Hotel, was originally completed in 1904 to serve as the new headquarters of ''The New York Times'', which officially moved into the building in January 1905. The paper's owner, Adolph Ochs, also successfully persuaded the city to rename the surrounding area (then known as Longacre Square) after the newspaper, becoming Times Square.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/08/nyregion/100-years-ago-an-intersection-s-new-name-times-square.html )〕 To help promote the new headquarters, the ''Times'' held a New Year's Eve event on December 31, 1903, welcoming the year of 1904 with a fireworks display set off from the roof of the building at midnight. The event was a success, attracting 200,000 spectators, and was continued annually until 1907. For 1908, Ochs replaced the display with what he thought would be a more spectacular eventthe lowering of a lit ball down the building's flagpole at midnight, patterned off the use of time balls to indicate a certain time of day (the "ball drop" is still held on One Times Square to this day, attracting an average of one million spectators yearly). In 1913, only eight years after it moved to One Times Square, the ''Times'' moved its corporate headquarters to 229 West 43rd Street, which served as its home from 1913 to 2007. The ''Times'' has since moved to The New York Times Building on nearby Eighth Avenue. After leaving One Times Square, the ''Times'' still maintained ownership of the tower.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8664743/History-of-Times-Square.html )〕〔 On November 6, 1928, an electronic news ticker known as the ''Motograph News Bulletin'' (colloquially known as the "zipper") was introduced near the base of the building. The zipper originally consisted of 14,800 light bulbs, with the display controlled by a chain conveyor system inside the building; individual letter elements (a form of movable type) were loaded into frames to spell out news headlines. As the frames moved along the conveyor, the letters themselves triggered electrical contacts which lit the external bulbs (the zipper has since been upgraded to use modern LED technology). The first headline displayed on the zipper announced Herbert Hoover's victory in that day's presidential election. The zipper was used to display other major news headlines of the era, and its content later expanded to include sports and weather updates as well.〔 On the evening of August 14, 1945, the zipper was famously used to announce Japan's surrender from World War II to a packed crowd in Times Square.〔 The ''Times'' sold the building to advertising executive and sign designer Douglas Leigh in 1961. Leigh then sold the building to Allied Chemical in 1963. Allied Chemical greatly modified the building's facade in a $10 million renovation, replacing intricate granite and terracotta elements with marble facing. In 1974, the building was sold to investor Alex Parker for $6.25 million, and then to the Swiss-based investment group Kemekod. Kemekod later sold the tower to an investment group led by Lawrence I. Linksman in 1982. Linksman promised further renovations to the building, including the possibility of using its north face for signage displays.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/03/realestate/a-new-owner-takes-the-reins-in-times-square.html )〕 Following the sale of the building by the ''Times'', the zipper was operated on an inconsistent basis by various news outlets, and was shut off entirely between 1961 to 1965, and again from 1977 to 1986. In 1986, the ticker was revived by ''Newsday'', which operated it until December 31, 1994. The newspaper declined to renew its lease on the ticker, believing that they "() get very much out of that sign" financially.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/11/nyregion/lights-out-for-times-square-news-sign.html )〕 Publishing company Pearson PLC operated the zipper for a period beginning on December 31, 1994, until ceding its role to Dow Jones & Company in June 1995.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wcpFAAAAIBAJ&sjid=os8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=6800,5554895&dq=times+square+zipper&hl=en )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=oR4eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=On8EAAAAIBAJ&pg=3695,4530131&dq=times+square+zipper&hl=en )〕 From 1990 to 1996, Sony operated a Jumbotron on the exterior of the tower. Alongside its use for advertising and news, it was also frequently used by the producers of the late-night talk show ''Late Show with David Letterman'', who could display a live feed from its studio on the screen as well. As a cost-saving measure, Sony declined to renew its lease of the space, leading to the subsequent removal of the Jumbotron in June 1996. Due to its frequent use by ''Late Show'', its producer Rob Burnett jokingly considered the removal of the Jumbotron to be "a sad, sad day for New York."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/17/nyregion/less-glitter-on-times-square-no-more-jumbotron.html )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「One Times Square」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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